Preparation for the EMSAT Chemistry Exam, required knowing what collision theory is. Collision theory is used to understand the speed and rate of chemical reaction and its influence factors. Exam questions related to collision theory can include different concepts, such as reaction rates and the reasons for their change, which is an important part of the curriculum.  For the Chemistry Emsat subject, in this article we will learn about the most important of these concepts, with the help of teachers on elmadrasah.com platform.

 Chemistry Emsat test

Preparation for the EMSAT Chemistry Exam, you must know some important concepts identified by the teachers of elmadrasah.com platform so that you can succeed in this important EMSAT exam, including:

Collision theory

Collision theory in chemistry explains the occurrence of physical chemistry reactions through the collision of reacting molecules. This theory was discovered by Max Trautz and William Lewis between 1916 and 1918. The theory states that a chemical reaction occurs when reactant molecules collide appropriately with enough force to cross the energetic energy barrier.

Importance of collision theory in understanding the rate of chemical reaction

Collision theory is one of the main foundations for understanding the rate of a chemical reaction.  Understanding how and why a chemical reaction occurs at a certain rate helps us improve manufacturing processes and determine appropriate reaction conditions. By understanding collision theory, we can consider some of the key points that elmadrasah.com teachers make to prepare for EMSAT exam :

• Collision theory must be understood to understand the rate of chemical reaction. This theory assumes that there is a collision between reactant particles and that the energy of the collision is sufficient to break the bonds between them.
• It must be taken into account that the collision energy is the energy required to activate the chemical reaction. The collision energy can be increased by increasing the temperature or using catalysts to facilitate collisions between particles.
• A catalyst is an important part of improving the rate of a chemical reaction. Cofactors such as catalysts and changing the concentration of reactants can be used to increase the speed of the reaction.
• Collision theory can be used in industry, medicine, and scientific research to improve processes, develop products, and understand the vital processes that occur in biological systems.
• Researchers and scientists need to study physical chemistry reaction rates to improve processes and achieve different goals in different areas of science.

Factors affecting the rate of chemical reaction

 

•  Effect of chemical concentration

Increasing the concentration of reactants is one of the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. When the concentration of reactants increases, the number of collisions between reactant molecules increases, which leads to an increase in the reaction rate. However, it should be noted that increasing the concentration of reactants may sometimes lead to a decrease in the reaction rate, due to the occurrence of side reactions or the saturation effect. Therefore, the concentration of reactants must be carefully controlled to obtain an appropriate reaction speed.

• Temperature effect

Temperature is also a factor influencing the rate of a chemical reaction. When the temperature increases, the movement of the reacting molecules increases and thus the number of collisions between them increases. The effect of these collisions also increases with the energy of the molecules, which leads to an increase in the speed of the reaction. Thus, temperature can be used as a means of controlling the rate of a physical chemistry reaction and speeding it up or slowing it down as needed.

• Effect of surface area

Surface area is one of the factors that affect the rate of chemical reaction, especially in the case of solids and liquids. In general, the greater the surface area, the greater the chance of collision between reactant molecules, resulting in an increased reaction rate. This is because the amount of substances that can participate in the reaction increases as the surface area increases.  Therefore, the desired reaction speed can be achieved when the surface area is increased by various methods, such as cutting solids into small pieces or using powders.

• Pressure effect

Pressure is one of the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction in the case of gaseous reactions. When the pressure increases, the gasses move closer together, increasing the chance of collision between the reacting molecules. Therefore, the reaction rate increases.  Conversely, when the pressure is low, the molecules move apart and the chance of collision decreases, resulting in a lower reaction rate. Therefore, the rate of gaseous reaction can be controlled by changing the pressure.

Applications of collision theory in daily life

• Industrial Chemistry Specializations:

Industrial chemistry uses collision theory to improve manufacturing processes for chemical products.  When optimal reaction conditions are determined, higher reaction speed and higher efficiency can be achieved in the manufacturing process.

Collision theory can be used to design chemical catalysts that increase the speed of a chemical reaction. By improving the design of catalysts, the efficiency of chemical processes can be improved.

• Applications of collision theory in industry:

In the pharmaceutical industry, collision theory can be used to improve drug manufacturing and improve drug efficacy by increasing the speed of a chemical reaction and improving process design.

In the plastics industry, collision theory can be used to improve the manufacturing of polymers and improve the physical properties of plastics.

In short, the application of collision theory is not limited to scientific laboratories only, but it has wide applications in daily life and in various industries. By understanding the mechanism of collisionh between molecules, manufacturing processes can be optimized and the efficiency of the chemical products we rely on in our daily lives can be improved.

Examples of chemical reaction rates

• Chemical decomposition reaction rate:

The rate of a chemical decomposition reaction represents the speed at which physical chemistry compounds break down into simpler compounds. The reaction rate can be determined by measuring the change in concentration of chemical compounds over a given period. For example, if we have a chemical compound that decomposes at a constant rate, a mathematical model of the reaction rate can be used to calculate the rate at which the compound breaks down.

• Reaction rate of the transition chemical reaction:

The reaction rate of a transition chemical reaction represents the speed of the reaction when chemical reactions are in a transition state, or when there is a transition state between chemical compounds. The reaction rate of a translational reaction can be determined by measuring the frequency of successful collisions between the molecules involved in the reaction.

 

After knowing all these important concepts, and using all the advantages that Elmadrasah.com platform offers to its students through the ability to choose the appropriate time, with experienced and skilled teachers, so that Preparation for the EMSAT Chemistry Exam.